The programme consisted of thematic sessions on inequalities in four areas of scientific practice: agenda-setting and funding, research collaboration and data sharing, science publishing, and research engagement and uptake. Synthesizing presentations and discussions, the group collectively identified ‘blind spots’ in existing scholarship on inequality in science, such as intra-regional asymmetries, the linkages between different levels and forms of inequalities, or discriminatory experiences in research collaborations and their impacts on the health and well-being of scholars.